In this session various presentations from different pilot and demo projects on Post combustion capture process were presented. Cansolv/Shell presented the approach taken for testing and validating their solvent absorption process. The Shell Quest project gave insjosirt on the process selection, integration and learning's. In Quest project there is a strict regulation on pressure drop and chemical solvent carryover to absorber in pressure swing adsorption process (PSA). In the selection of CO2 capture technology different technologies were evaluated on the basis of size of equipment, capital cost, operational cost etc. Due to feasibility pre combustion capture process was selected for CO2 capture process. The captured CO2 from pre combustion capture (PSA) is sent to the burner as it contains still some H2, by doing this NOx emission is further reduced from burner due to presence of CO2. To improve the performance further in this process flue gas is recirculated and low NOx burner have been applied. The flue gas from burner is sent to the amine based scrubber to remove CO2. Therefore in conclusion from Quest project Heat and Utilities integration is an important area to look at for brownfield project. The success factor of this project is coming from by using proven technology which do not lead to much increase in the cost. The CCPILOT100+ project from Doosan have operated for 1000+ hours for MEA, 900+ hours for RS2 solvent and 100 tonne CO2 is captured per day. The experience from this project leads to increased involvement of equipment supplier and environment agency. Different testing analysis have been developed and the test results have been passed to environment agency. Assessment of control system in cycling of plant start-up, shut-down and other transient conditions have also been evaluated. SINTEF presented the new benchmarking in Octavius project for cost and energy as well as on environmental, flexibility, operability/controllability of the process. In this process evaluation of intercooling and lean vapour recompression in order to improve process performance have been evaluated.

Presentation from CSIRO on concentrated Piperazine pilot plant results gave insjosirt on important aspects for this solvent. It is important to find the operating window for this solvent in order to avoid precipitation. MEA based pilot plant is not necessarily ready for concentrated Piperazine solvent. Although energy requirement is lower for concentrated Piperazine when compared to MEA. Phase change separation solvents pilot plant results is presented by NTNU. Lower energy of regeneration is noticed for phase change solvents compared to MEA. And results showed that this is a feasible process to be applied in industry. Further IFP EN, presented their DMX process which is a 2nd generation post combustion capture process. DMX process is found to be promising in energy consumption of around 2.5-2.1 GJ/ton CO2. In December 2013 decision will be made to make modification in Enel pilot plant for DMX application and by 2017 this pilot plant will be ready for operation. Black and Veatch presented the important aspects which should be looked at when scaling up post combustion capture process which is a study funded by IEAGHG. Stiffening of boiler and HRSG, ductwork may be required in order to accommodate flue gas transfer to CO2 capture unit. There were no significant issues found for building large scale absorber, stripper, CO2 compression and drying as building this size equipment is a common practice. In summary there are no technical issues for amine based post combustion capture process. Operational experience from EnBW pilot plant of 300kg/h CO2 capture capacity was presented. In their pilot plant different analysis have been performed on solvent degradation and corrosion. It was found that there was more corrosion in the hot lean solvent area in the pilot plant. CSIRO showed results for aqueous ammonia at Delta-Munmorah pilot plant and their small pilot plant in their presentation. The build-up ammonia in the water wash section above absorber can be removed by reverse osmosis unit. The precipitated ammonia can be removed by hot water. Heat Trace system applied at the CO2 line after stripper can also avoid blockage in the line which is caused by the precipitation. In conclusion even at Australian conditions aqueous ammonia solvent is suitable to be applied.