Overview
This Technical Review provides an overview of 22 CO2 storage sites from around the world. These include CO2-EOR, commercial scale storage sites and a number of pilot and demonstration storage sites in both depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs and saline reservoirs. Its primary aim is to provide a convenient source of collated information with a specific focus on technical information that are in the public domain. It compiles experiences of planning and operating these sites and aims to provide the reader with an accessible and valuable reference document that could provide a gateway to further reading.
Useful for potential newcomers to carbon capture and storage, and those who have more experience, such as project developers and relevant authorities. Ultimately, it is our hope that this comprehensive overview will contribute to the advancement of CO2 storage technology and the acceleration of global efforts to combat climate change.
Summary
The geological storage of CO2 by injection and storage into sedimentary basins has been working safely and effectively for over 50 years, initially with CO2 used in enhanced oil and gas recovery and latterly as an environmental measure to capture and permanently store anthropogenic CO2. Ambitious targets to capture and store ~ 1200 Mt CO2/yr by 2030 is called for by the IEA’s Net Zero Emissions Scenario[1]. To achieve these targets will require strong cross collaboration and utilisation of past learnings to scale up projects in number and scale.
This Technical Review, undertaken by IEAGHG, provides an overview of 22 CO2 storage sites worldwide. These include CO2-EOR, commercial-scale storage sites and several pilot/demonstration storage sites in both depleted oil and gas reservoirs and saline reservoirs. Its primary aim is to provide a convenient source of collated information with a specific focus on technical information that exists in the public domain. It compiles experiences of planning and operating these sites and aims to provide the reader with an accessible and valuable reference document that could provide a gateway to further reading.
The sites are arranged geographically and contain information about location; type of project and development history; key information about the geology i.e. reservoir, seal and overburden; the number and arrangement of injection, monitoring and other wells with key completion information including injection rates and CO2 quantities; experiences with induced seismicity; monitoring technologies employed and experiences with monitoring are also discussed. Where possible, major learnings are summarised and key references and illustrative figures are provided to support each storage site.
