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Monitoring Network Meeting Report

• 1 December 2023
• Event Proceedings
• Storage

The IEAGHG Monitoring Network aims to assess new technologies and techniques in the monitoring of CO2 storage, determine the limitations, accuracy and applicability of monitoring techniques, disseminate information from research and pilot storage projects around the world, develop extensive monitoring guidelines for the different sub-categories of geological storage; oil and gas fields, unmineable coal seams, and saline aquifers covering the differing conditions and reservoir properties encountered globally as well as to engage with relevant regulatory bodies.

6th International Workshop on Offshore Geologic CO2 Storage

• 1 December 2023
• Event Proceedings
• Storage

The 6th International Workshop on Offshore Geologic CO2 Storage was held in Aberdeen on 13-14 September. Organised with the University of Texas and hosted by the University of Aberdeen. The loca on was very appropriate as we were co-hosted and sponsored by Storegga who leads the Acorn project nearby in Scotland. This project had been recently announced by the UK government as a Track 2 Cluster project. This 6th workshop had 190 delegates (60 in-person and 130 virtual) from 35 countries, with a good mix of industry, researchers and regulators.

Components of CCS Infrastructure - Interim CO2 Holding Options

• 27 November 2023
• Storage
• Transport

This work, undertaken on behalf of IEAGHG by TNO and SINTEF, provides an overview of temporary / interim CO2 storage, or ‘holding’, options (also called buffers) and investigates the role of buffer storage and its potential to create flexible and robust carbon capture and storage (CCS) chains. The report looks at current and emerging buffer technologies, conducts simulations to demonstrate the temporary storage required for given flow-rate scenarios and discusses the impact of buffer capacity on transport costs. In the report, the storage requested in the chain for normal operation is presented as " temporary storage" and storage to give buffer capacity is presented as " buffer storage". This report has focussed on buffering at the emitter site. The results of this study will benefit CO2 storage site project developers, operators, financiers and regulators.

Classification of Total Storage Resources and Storage Coefficients

• 1 November 2023
• Storage

The CO2 Storage Resources Management System (SRMS) is a classification scheme to quantify, classify and categorise CO2 storage resources. It comprises ‘total storage resources’, which are understood as maximum (theoretical) storage quantities that could ever be accommodated in the subsurface. Comprising maximum mobile CO2 in structural/stratigraphic traps, maximum residually trapped CO2 in other parts of the formation, and maximum dissolution potential in remaining formation water. ‘Storable quantities’ are understood as accessible from one or several current or future projects. It is the sum of capacity, contingent and prospective resources. The concept of ‘storage coefficient’ ‘E’ is the ratio of the subsurface volume of CO2 storable quantities to either the total storage resources or the pore volume. The calculation is arguably complicated as E is impacted by lithological heterogeneity, trapping structures, boundary conditions, injection rates, well spacing, fluid properties etc. Due to its complexity, there is much controversy on how to estimate E, with some arguing it should not be used at all and that reservoir simulation is a better path. However, estimates for E are used in most regional mapping studies. This study explores storage resource classification schemes and their evolution in understanding, the calculation of storage resources and the storage co-efficient. This is explored in terms of calculating E for CO2 storage sites, through flow modelling and analytical solutions.

Risk Management Network Meeting Report

• 29 September 2023
• Event Proceedings
• Storage

The Risk Management Network meeting was held as an in-person event with a particular focus on the risk of wells (particularly legacy wells) in a CCS project, looking at the topic from basin scale through to detailed characterisation of well materials and monitoring. Attended by over 75 delegates from 15 countries, the two day meeting was held at Heriot-Watt University in Edinburgh, UK. It was kicked off by a welcome reception in the Lyell Centre (home to both BGS and the Institute for GeoEnergy Engineering) and was followed by a field excursion to explore the geological history of Arthur’s Seat in Edinburgh and a tour of a very new distillery located in an old train station within stone’s throw of Holyrood Park.

Prospective Integration of Geothermal Energy with Carbon Capture and Storage

• 23 August 2023
• Storage
• Utilisation

The aim of the study is to provide a dispassionate review and overview of scenarios where geothermal energy and CO2 utilisation and storage technologies can be combined for mutual benefit and contribute to Net Zero targets. Sourced from a rich body of literature from global research institutes and some demonstration projects many of the concepts identified have been conceptualised over the past 20 years and are still in the early concept stage. These concepts have been categorised, described and evaluated using qualitative and quantitative methods. And a map based screening exercise useful for initial evaluation of areas suitable for combined synergies has been undertaken.

5th International Workshop on Offshore Geologic CO2 Storage

• 17 October 2022
• Event Proceedings
• Storage

This 5th Workshop on Offshore Geologic CO2 Storage covered multiple subjects, including: summary of multiple CCS projects worldwide, subsurface considerations for depleted hydrocarbon fields, containment/ pressure management, and saline formations to store CO₂, as well as considerations on regulating offshore CCS, monitoring offshore CCS projects, CO2 shipping and infrastructure for CO2. Importantly, this is the first hybrid in-person and virtual workshop, which represents a milestone to bring this knowledge sharing to multiple people interested on CCS worldwide

Applying ISO Standards to Geologic Storage and EOR Projects

• 1 September 2022
• Policy & Regulation
• Storage

The work aims to summarise and synthesise the two ISO Standards relevant to the geological storage of CO2: – ISO 27914:2017 (‘Carbon dioxide capture, transportation and geological storage - Geological storage’) and ISO 27916:2019 (‘Carbon dioxide capture, transportation and geological storage - Carbon dioxide storage using enhanced oil recovery (CO2-EOR)’) – to provide a high-level understanding of the content into an easily digestible format. By comparison with international regulatory frameworks, and providing case studies of how applicable the standards are to real CO2 storage projects, the study provides a comprehensive overview and concludes on the usefulness of the documents in supporting the implementation of CCUS projects. For the purposes of this overview, the standards will hereafter be referred to as ISO 27914 and ISO 27916

CCP Results - Carbon Dioxide Capture for Storage in Deep Geologic Formations

• 1 June 2022
• Storage

IEAGHG Risk Management Network – Webinar & Virtual Discussion: The Road to CCS Project Permitting

• 31 March 2022
• Event Proceedings
• Storage

On Tuesday 18th January 2022, the IEAGHG Risk Management Network held a webinar which aimed to be a roundtable presentation of CCS / CCUS (carbon capture and storage / carbon capture, utilisation and storage) project operator experience, with risk management, during the permitting process. This webinar heard from panellists on the Northern Lights project, the Porthos project, California experiences with permitting and Oxy's recent project experiences. The webinar attracted an audience of 138 in addition to 8 panellists and 2 IEAGHG staff.

Global Storage Capacity Workshop 2021

• 18 February 2022
• Event Proceedings
• Storage

The aims of this workshop were to review current methodologies and initiatives for quantifying CO2 geological storage, review current data availability and assess gaps, establish core international contacts and a community with direct interest in CO2 storage resource. The workshop also discussed opportunities on how to address the identified data gaps in various parts of the world, through either bilateral or multilateral collaboration and via an international network to collate and refine estimates of CO2 storage capacity.

Criteria for Depleted Reservoirs to be Developed for CO2 Storage

• 1 January 2022
• Storage

In this review we consider advantages and disadvantages of using depleted fields in comparison to deep saline reservoirs as carbon dioxide (CO2) storage sites. The study consists of three parts. The first looks at ten case studies with operational experience and the insights they offer. The second presents original research on three factors that may impact evaluation of depleted field storage opportunities: 1) the impact of reservoir pressure depletion on storage capacity prediction; 2) the effect of residual hydrocarbons on capacity and injectivity; and 3) the net economic benefit of inherited hydrocarbon infrastructure, including elements that are reusable and those that are not. The third section is a discussion of criteria for evaluating depleted fields for CO2 storage.