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IEAGHG Monitoring & Environmental Research Combined Networks Meeting

1 March 2020
Event Proceedings
Storage

The 13th meeting of IEAGHG’s Monitoring Network was this year combined with the Environmental Research Network, to facilitate wider topic broaching and encourage broader discussions. This combined networks meeting was held from 20th – 22nd August 2019 at the University of Calgary, Canada. The two day meeting was preceded by a field trip to the Containment and Monitoring Institute (CaMI) field research station site visit. It was followed by a one day workshop on faults and their significance for CO? storage (report number 2020-03). The meeting was designed to cover the following themes: developments in sensing ; lessons from managing field projects; uncertainty in quantification; monitoring for EOR compared with deep saline formations; fall-back plans; new case studies with real data; environmental impacts of monitoring and stakeholder engagement; up-well leakage; and monitoring post-injection for closure.

Technical Report

IEAGHG Faults and their Significance for Large-Scale CO₂ Storage Workshop

1 March 2020
Event Proceedings
Storage

The success of CO? Capture and Storage (CCS) technology depends on the safe, secure and long-term storage of CO? at large-scale (mega tonnes per site). Upward migration and leakage of injected CO? along faults is a key risk. The aim of the workshop was to gain a greater understanding on how faults could influence long-term storage of CO?. The workshop built on oil and gas industry experiences, as well as the research community, to gain a clear perspective on fault properties that are important to CO? storage. The 1-day event provided an opportunity to review laboratory experiments, field studies, and modelling results, to gain insights on the importance of faults for CO? storage. Current practices to evaluate fault seal as well as critical technical gaps were discussed. The workshop gave an opportunity to review current research on CO? controlled release experiments and what could be learned from them, plus the contribution from simulations. The 1-day event documented critical issues for CO? storage related to faults, the experience of current experimental work, and identify remaining gaps in knowledge.

Technical Report

Monitoring and Modelling of CO₂ Storage: The Potential for Improving the Cost-Benefit Ratio of Reducing Risk

1 February 2020
Storage

The study was proposed with the intention of developing an understanding of where future research efforts in CO₂ storage technologies should be focused on in the next decade, informing the potential directions for future research in order to fully maximise the potential benefits of storage technologies to commercial-scale CCS projects.

Technical Review

Guide to Front End Engineering Design studies for selected CO₂ Capture and Storage Projects

1 September 2019
Capture
Storage

This review aims to assess the current understanding on reducing emissions from flaring in the oil and gas industry and to review literature on both the quantification of emissions and current mitigation strategies. IEAGHG published a technical review 2017-TR7 (Oct 2017) which studied emissions along the natural gas supply chain but flaring emissions were not included. This review aims to follow on from 2017-TR7 as a supplementary review on flaring emissions.

Technical Report

The Shell Quest Carbon Capture and Storage Project

1 June 2019
Capture
Storage

In late August 2015, Shell Canada began sustained, commercial-scale operation of the first-ever CO₂ capture facility at an oil sands bitumen or heavy oil upgrader in the world, as well as transportation and storage of the carbon dioxide to a nearby geological storage site. This remarkable facility is situated near Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. This report explores the journey of the Shell Quest Carbon Capture and Storage Project team and its partners, and will provide valuable insights to other heavy oil upgraders and oil refineries globally that seek to reduce their lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions through deployment of CCS technologies and infrastructure.

Technical Report

IEAGHG Modelling and Risk Management Combined Network

1 November 2018
Event Proceedings
Storage

IEAGHG’s combined Modelling and Risk Management Network, hosted by the EERC, took place in Grand Forks, North Dakota between 18th and 22nd June 2018. These meetings bring together leading experts from research and industry to discuss the latest work and developments, with over 30 speakers and 71 attendees representing 8 countries. The theme for the meeting was ‘How advances in modelling and risk management improve pressure management, capacity estimation, leakage detection and the prediction of induced seismicity’. Sessions included project updates, the application of oil and gas production experience, modelling capacity, unconventional reservoir risk assessments and active pressure management. The third day focused on conformance and regulation with a keynote presentation by Lynn Helms from the North Dakota Industrial Commission on Class VI well regulations.

Technical Report

Well Engineering and Injection Regularity in CO₂ Storage Wells

1 November 2018
Storage

This project focuses on collecting industry experience on the drilling, completion, regularity and interventions of CO₂ wells. The aim for the report was to compare methodologies and techniques used for handling CO₂ compared with those required for hydrocarbon extraction. This has allowed for a comparison to be made to the research already conducted on CO₂ well integrity and monitoring techniques. The study will investigate whether conditions experienced during CO₂ handling operations were predicted from modelling and experimental work and the effectiveness of linked risk assessments.

Technical Report

3rd International Workshop on Offshore Geologic CO₂ Storage

1 August 2018
Event Proceedings
Storage

This workshop came about to address a recommendation from the CSLF on offshore CCS. This 3rd International Workshop on Offshore CCS took place on 3-4 May, organised by the Bureau of Economic Geology (BEG) in collaboration with IEAGHG and others, and hosted by the Research Council of Norway in Oslo, with support from SANEDI and CSLF.The aim of the workshop series is to facilitate sharing of knowledge and experiences among those who are doing offshore storage and those who are interested, and to facilitate international collaboration on projects. Over 60 attendees from 8 countries participated in this 3rd workshop.The agenda included: How to learn from learnings?; Value Chains for Offshore; Infrastructure re-use; Monitoring offshore CO₂ storage/EOR; Offshore CO₂ storage resource assessment; Project updates; Standards and Regulatory Frameworks; and Brainstorming towards an international collaborative project.

Technical Report

Re-Use of Oil & Gas Facilities for CO₂ Transport and Storage

22 June 2018
Storage
Transport

Our recent study ‘Case Studies of CO₂ Storage in Depleted Oil and Gas Fields’ (2017-01) concluded that CO₂ storage in depleted fields would not only be viable with potentially lower risk but could also be relatively cost effective, providing important intermediate-scale storage resources. The report highlighted that re-using an O&G fields would be beneficial as “there would likely be cost savings over saline aquifer sites, particularly in the characterisation stages (where there is the advantage of production history and proved hydrocarbon retention to reduce uncertainty in containment and capacity)”.

Technical Report

CO₂ Storage Efficiency in Deep Saline Formations - Stage 2

1 January 2018
Storage

A key determinant for CO₂ storage in deep saline formations (DSFs) is dynamic efficiency (E factor) – that is the effect that increased pressure caused by fluid injection has on the storage capacity of a formation. The storage capacity will always be limited by the pressure limit imposed by the geomechanical strength of the caprock, which is defined as the fracture pressure. If a formation is bounded by faults or other low permeability barriers, then excess pressure could limit the dynamic efficiency, a condition referred to as a closed boundary. In contrast formations that extend over several 100 square kilometres without significant barriers can enable pressure to be dissipated, a condition known as an open boundary. In a previous study commissioned by IEAGHG the effects of dynamic efficiency were compared between two contrasting onshore basins (one open and the other closed), but over a long hypothetical time-scale of 2,000 years. Although the previous study showed the effects of boundary conditions, the dynamic efficiency was based on very large areas extending of several thousands of square kilometres. The results did not reflect the more likely conditions of much shorter timescales and injection over limited areas that would be experienced in early CO₂ storage sites. The aim of this second study is to improve the estimated dynamic storage of DSFs based on a modelled 50 year injection period and over comparatively limited areas of ~1,000 km2. Two well researched formations were selected: one from an onshore basin (the Minnelusa Formation in the USA) and the other form an offshore basin (the Bunter Formation in the North Sea). This study also includes a cost development model to determine how the number of wells affects the cost-effectiveness of each storage site.

Technical Report

12th IEAGHG Monitoring Network Meeting

1 November 2017
Event Proceedings
Storage

The theme for this meeting was ‘The Cost and Value-effectiveness of Monitoring: what key drivers are required to deliver an optimum outcome’. Sessions included project updates, the application of oil and gas production experience, innovative monitoring techniques, offshore monitoring developments, overburden research including controlled release experiments, wellbore integrity and micro-seismicity. Delegates also took part in a group exercise on how to respond to a hypothetical leak scenario. The meeting highlighted the impressive advances that have been made in the use of fibre-optic distributed acoustic sensors (DAS) at projects, including helical configured cables, to overcome the limitations of directional signals. The technology is now under trial at pilot CO2 storage sites.

Technical Review

2nd International Workshop on Offshore Geologic CO₂ Storage

1 November 2017
Event Proceedings
Storage

This second workshop built on the conclusions and recommendations from the first workshop in 2016 by continuing the theme of ‘how to do’, and including sessions on how to find storage, monitoring developments, CO2-EOR potential offshore, and infrastructure options, with presentations from Norway, the UK, the Netherlands, Australia, South Africa and Japan. New to all attendees were presentations on the US Department of Energy (DOE) -supported US projects looking at offshore storage in sedimentary basins in the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic and in basalts in the northern Pacific. Conclusions and recommendations were agreed, with a certain focus on infrastructure issues with the aim of engaging with operators of offshore infrastructure to make them aware of the opportunities from CCS and CO2-EOR.

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