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Biomass and CCS - Guidance for accounting for negative emissions

1 June 2014
Policy & Regulation

The main objectives of this study are as follows: GHG accounting rules applicable to bio-CCS: Understand how they apply, assess their ability to appropriately recognise, attribute and reward negative emissions and suggest potential scope, options and pathways for improvement where necessary. This should include consideration of how other incentive schemes outside ETSs account for GHG emissions associated with bioenergy use, in particular in relation to life-cycle GHG emissions and dLUC/iLUC. Sustainability and potential negative environmental impacts of bio-CCS: Provide an assessment of measures to regulate sustainability impacts and other potential negative environmental effects that could arise through promoting bio-CCS (e.g. leakage, transboundary issues, dLUC/iLUC effects). Options to appropriately reward bio-CCS: Taking into account the GHG accounting rules and issues for sustainability, consider options for modifying policies to appropriately reward operators undertaking bio-CCS.

Technical Report

CO₂ Capture at Coal-Based Power and Hydrogen Plants

1 May 2014
Capture

In recent years IEAGHG has undertaken a series of studies on the performance and costs of plants incorporating the three leading CO2 capture technologies: post combustion, oxy-combustion and pre-combustion capture. In the time since those studies were undertaken there have been significant technological advances and substantial increases in estimated plant costs. IEAGHG therefore decided to undertake a wholly new study on costs of capture at coal based plants producing the two leading low-carbon energy carriers, namely electricity and hydrogen. This study provides a baseline for possible future studies on plants in other countries, plants using other capture processes and capture in industries other than power and hydrogen generation. The study was carried out for IEAGHG by Foster Wheeler.

Technical Report

Comparing Different Approaches to Managing CO₂ Storage Resources in Mature CCS Futures

1 April 2014
Storage

This report develops scenarios for CO₂ storage development in the Southern North Sea Basin to compare first-come, first-served and managed approaches to CO₂ storage site licensing. The report describes the benefits and consequences of these broad strategies for the pore space owner and the operator, and considers current approached to managing offshore and onshore storage resources (in a range of jurisdictions). A workshop was held in the early stages of the report process, which helped to evaluate approaches to the management of pore space in different jurisdictions. The following general issues were discussed at the workshop and are looked at further in the report: - The availability of storage capacity - Other uses and users of the pore space - Priorities on different uses in different jurisdictions - Potential routes to wider storage deployment - Technical regulatory challenges for storage in areas of multiple stacked storage opportunities - Risks that may arise from site interactions - Examples of pore space conflict resolution - Strategic initiatives for storage deployment. The report details potential subsurface interactions, UK policy for CO₂ storage development (including a UK Southern North Sea case study), potential interactions between two case studies in the Southern North Sea, CO₂ storage permitting in the Netherlands, CO₂ storage in Australia, the role of CO₂ enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in Texas, USA and managing the pore space in Alberta, Canada.

Technical Report

Evaluation and analysis of the performance of dehydration units for CO₂ capture

1 April 2014
Capture
Transport

The purpose of the study is to examine the characteristics of the various dehydration processes and the way they can be best integrated into the CCS system. Moisture in CO2 can lead to corrosion and hydrate formation. It is necessary to dehydrate CO2 streams prior to transporting the product in carbon steel pipelines. Several different types of CO2 capture processes exist. The type selected for use is dependent upon the basic type of combustion process in operation, e.g. coal or natural gas. The CO2 produced by the various combustion and associated capture processes is of different quality, containing different inerts and impurities, with varying compositions and conditions. The dehydration process can be significantly affected by these differences; it was therefore necessary to consider the different types of capture process separately within this study.

Technical Report

Evaluation of Reclaimer Sludge Disposal from CO₂ PCC Process

1 March 2014
Capture

In this study different solvent reclaiming technologies were evaluated for two reference power plants: Supercritical Pulverised Coal (SCPC) and Natural Gas Combined Cycle (NGCC) at their respective gross power outputs (900 and 810 MWe, respectively). A low sulphur Australian coal was used for SCPC case. A selective catalytic removal (SCR) unit is assumed upstream of the CO₂ capture unit for both the coal and natural gas power plants. In addition a wet flue gas desulfurization (FGD) unit and a sodium hydroxide polishing unit , is located upstream of the CO₂ capture unit in the coal-fired power plant thus reducing the SOx concentration to 10 ppmv or less .

Technical Report

IEAGHG OPEC Report of Workshop on CCS and CDM

1 December 2013
Policy & Regulation

This report outlines the discussions and outcomes from a workshop jointly held by the IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D implementing agreement (IEAGHG) and the Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) on the topic of “Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage in the UN Clean Development Mechanism”. The workshop was the latest in a series of activities by IEAGHG in supporting CCS in the CDM. The objective of the workshop was to share knowledge amongst IEAGHG technical experts and OPEC secretariat and member country delegates, and enhance the understanding amongst all participants of the issues, challenges and approaches to developing CCS projects under the UNs clean development mechanism (CDM) with a focus on OPEC member countries

Technical Report

CO₂ Pipeline Infrastructure

1 December 2013
Transport

The deliverables for this study consist of a reference manual, database, interactive web tool and webinar. The reference manual highlights key design, construction, operational and regulatory learnings. A database, containing more than 100 data elements, complements the reference manual

Technical Report

Deployment of CCS in the Cement Industry

1 December 2013
Capture

The study focuses on the following tasks: 1. Review current practice in energy efficiency improvement and fuel and clinker substitution practices in relation to reduction of CO₂ emissions in the cement sector. 2. Engage with key stakeholders with the aim of identifying the key barriers to the demonstration of CCS in the cement sector. 3. Review the current state of development of potential CCS technologies evaluated for the cement industry, particularly oxyfuel and post-combustion capture and review current CCS activities initiated and led by the cement industry. 4. Review policy and government initiatives to support the application of CCS to the cement sector

Technical Report

Methodologies and Technologies for Mitigation of Undesired CO₂ Migration in the Subsurface

1 December 2013
Storage

The driver behind this study is to develop a report built on the on the previous IEAGHG report on methods of leakage mitigation (2007/11). The proposed study should focus on current mitigation and remediation methods that may be applied or considered in site specific conditions in the event of unpredicted CO₂ migration. Each geological storage site will have an adaptive site specific monitoring plan, based on a risk assessment. Detection of a significant irregularity may involve supplementing the monitoring program, in order to detect a possible leak and if necessary engaging mitigation measures

Technical Report

Summary report of the IEAGHG Modelling Network and the Risk Management Network Meeting

1 November 2013
Event Proceedings
Storage

The three day event consisted of a day dedicated to modelling applications; a second day covering a variety of risk management issues and a final day where topics involving both topics were discussed. The meeting was preceded by visits to the SINTEF research facility in Trondheim and the CO2 pipeline test facility at the Statoil Rotvoll site. During the visit to SINTEFF delegates were shown lab-scale development of new solvents for CO2 capture and an oxy-fuel combustion test rig.

Technical Report

Monitoring Network and Environmental Research Network – Combined Meeting

1 November 2013
Event Proceedings
Storage

From the 27th to 30th August CO₂CRC hosted this meeting of two of IEAGHG’s Networks, the 8th meeting of the Monitoring Network and the 4th meeting of the Environmental Research Network. The theme of the meeting was ‘Realistic monitoring of CO₂ migration – from the reservoir to the surface’, and was attended by 80 delegates from 12 countries. The latest developments and research were presented in sessions covering the regulatory environment, monitoring migration from the reservoir, migration of fluids through the overburden, detection of leakage into shallow groundwater, terrestrial detection monitoring and environmental impacts, marine detection monitoring and environmental impacts, andthe complexity of the natural system and implications for quantification.

Technical Report

Information Sheets for CCS

1 November 2013
Industry Insights

This report was originally intended to be 14 standalone information sheets on the many aspects of carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS). The information sheets have been combined in one document to produce this report but it is recommended that the standalone original sheets are used primarily. These are available to download as separate files on the IEAGHG website

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