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UK FEED Studies – A Summary

1 October 2013
Industry Insights

A key aim of the FEED was thus to assist in selection of a winning project but the participants were also required to narrow the range of projected costs and clearly identify the cost risks and establish upper and lower limits. DECC also had the intention of making results public to enhance learning and information exchange. Initially 9 consortia entered projects into the competition but only two proceeded into the FEED phase. One of these withdrew before the full FEED was developed so some elements of this FEED are less well developed.

Technical Report

The Process of Developing a CO₂ Test Injection Experience

1 October 2013
Storage

This study does not intend to redo work already carried out, but to produce an over-arching document, which follows the process of setting up a test injection. This document would identify gaps in best practice guides as well as point readers towards available information. The document produced would order the steps and processes that the user would need to go through during the management of the test injection; from scoping of the project (including success criteria), site selection, planning, injection and closure. Many of the steps will happen simultaneously, but an order can still be established along with an expected timeline. This would be broad enough to allow for different permitting and legal processes in different countries as well as different site specific technical issues.

Technical Report

Potential Implications on Gas Production from Shales and Coals

1 September 2013
Storage

The main aims of the study are to assess the global potential for geological storage of CO₂ in shale and coal formations and the impact of gas production from shales on CO₂ storage capacity in underlying deep saline aquifers by compromising caprock integrity. The study would comprise a comprehensive literature review to provide guidance on the following issues: Global status of hydrocarbon production from shales and CBM and potential effects on CO₂ storage both in the producing shales/ coals themselves and underlying hydrocarbon reservoirs and/or deep saline formations. The focus should be on gas production, but with reference to oil production from shales; Current status of research into geological storage of CO₂ in shales and coals; Potential nature and rate of trapping processes; mechanisms of storing CO₂. CO₂ injectivity into shales and coals, with reference to fracturing practices employed by industry; Containment issues arising from shale fracturing, both for shales as a storage medium per se, and in terms of caprock integrity for underlying storage units, particularly deep saline aquifers; Methods for assessing storage capacities for CO₂ storage in shales and coals; High level mapping and assessment of theoretical/effective capacities; Potential economic implications of CO₂ storage in shales and coals.

Technical Report

Biomethane with CCS

1 September 2013
Capture

The aim of this study is to provide an understanding and assessment of the global potential - up to 2050 - for BE-CCS technologies producing biomethane. It makes a distinction between: Technical potential (the potential that is technically feasible and not restricted by economical limitations) and the Economic potential (the potential at competitive cost compared to the reference natural gas, including a CO₂ price).

Technical Report

Iron and Steel CCS Study (Techno-Economics Integrated Steel Mill)

1 July 2013
Capture
Costs of CCUS

The primary goal of this project is to establish a methodology to evaluate the cost of steel production when deploying CO₂ capture technology in an integrated steel mill. The objectives of this study were: To specify a “REFERENCE” steel mill typical to Western European configuration; and assess the techno-economic performance of the integrated steel mill without and with CO₂ capture. To evaluate the techno-economic performance, the breakdown of the CO₂ emissions; and estimating the CO₂ avoidance cost of the following cases: o Case 1: An integrated steel mill typical to Western Europe as the base case. o Case 2: Post-Combustion CO₂ capture using conventional MEA at two different levels of CO₂ capture rate (End of Pipe Cases or EOP) o Case 3: An Oxygen Blown Blast Furnace (OBF) with top gas recycle and the use of MDEA/Pz as solvent for CO₂ capture

Technical Report

Interaction of CO₂ Storage with Subsurface Resources

1 April 2013
Storage

The objectives of the study were to: 1. Provide a comprehensive literature-based review of sub-surface exploitation activities that may affect storage operations, focussing in regions where large scale CCS development is currently focussed. 2. Provide a qualitative assessment of potential interactions and impacts using case study sedimentary basins. 3. Provide policy makers, regulators and developers with a checklist of potential sub surface resource interactions together with a preliminary explanation of possible impacts and management options 4. Where possible, provide case study examples of resource interaction issues have been successfully managed to enable multiple resource use

Technical Report

Induced Seismicity and its Implications for CO₂ Storage Risk

1 April 2013
Storage

This study would provide a review of the mechanisms that cause induced seismicity and their application to geological storage of CO₂. The study would involve a detailed literature review of recent and ongoing research in this topic and an analysis drawn from the findings. Importantly, the study would focus on induced seismicity that may be caused by CO₂ injection and storage. Owing to the paucity of large scale CO₂ storage projects, it may be necessary to use findings from analogues (for example, steam assisted gravity drainage of heavy oil, cyclic steam stimulation in heavy oil recovery or produced water re-injection (also at hydraulic fracturing conditions) in oil and gas field operations).

Technical Report

4th IEAGHG Network Meeting & Technical Workshop on High Temperature Solid Looping Cycles

1 March 2013
Capture
Event Proceedings

The IEAGHG High Temperature Solid Looping Cycles Network emerged from the preceding International Workshop on In-situ CO2 Removal (ISCR) and aims at bringing together researchers and developers of CO2 capture technologies that operate at high temperatures in cylindrical processes using either circulating or fixed beds of solids. Within the last few years drawbacks of the conventional amine-based CO2 capture systems have spurred interest in solid looping processes. Since then the technology has advanced considerably and several pilot plants have been build and brought into operation, e.g the 1.7MW pilot plant at La Pereda in Spain and the 1MW pilot plant at TU Darmstadt in Germany. Progress has been made in particular in carrier/sorbent development as well as in process design and integration. In Calcium Looping, for instance, the use of spent sorbent to produce cement has been demonstrated.

Technical Report

Key Messages for Communications Needs for Key Stakeholders

1 March 2013
Public Perception

The main deliverables from the study will be a series of Briefing Notes (BNs) covering the key information needs of key stakeholders, and a series of shorter Information Sheets (ISs) which provide a more basic introduction to the same topics. Note: the BN’s are the main deliverable of the study, and the ISs will be finalised and circulated after the technical report has been produced and disseminated. The study will work from, but not exclusively from, IEAGHG’s technical studies and reviews to identify the topics requiring BNs and the final BN’s will be reviewed by members of the Social Research Network, among others, as part of the peer review

Technical Report

Post-Combustion CO₂ Capture Scale-Up Study

1 February 2013
Capture

This study assess the technical challenges associated with full-scale design and operation of conventional post-combustion capture technologies for supercritical pulverized coal (SCPC) and natural gas fired combined cycle (NGCC) power plant. In this study technical and operational risks, performance gaps, technical challenges and sensitivity to several process variables are evaluated. Finally, a suggested scale-up strategy was developed with a focus on specific areas for development in future.

Technical Report

Building Knowledge for Environmental Assessment of CO₂ Storage: Controlled Releases of CO₂ and Natural Releases Workshop

1 January 2013
Storage

The main focus of this workshop was on controlled release projects with other sessions on environmental impact assessments and Regulations, monitoring, overburden/ mechanisms of migration from deep to shallow subsurface, leakage scenarios and communication of leakage. The third day of the meeting was spent at Yellowstone National Park, with part of the day observing formations created from natural CO2 seepage.

Technical Report

Summary Report of the 2nd Joint Network Meeting

1 January 2013
Event Proceedings
Storage

The Joint Network Meeting co-ordinates all four of the geological storage networks: Risk Assessment; Monitoring; Modelling; and Wellbore Integrity; and the Environmental Impacts of CO2 Storage Workshop Series. The 2nd IEAGHG Joint Storage Network meeting was held from the 19th to the 21st of June 2012 in Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA. It was hosted by Los Alamos National Laboratory and sponsored by Sandia National Laboratories, Los Alamos National Laboratory and Schlumberger Carbon Services. Sixty-eight delegates attended, representing 11 different countries. The aims of the meeting were to: Ensure the Networks are working in the most efficient way without duplication or gaps, Identify cross-cutting issues and their consequences; requiring input from more than one network, Set the framework for the future direction of the networks.

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