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Feasibility Study on Achieving Deep Decarbonization in Worldwide Fertilizer Production

• 1 March 2022
• Capture

This study investigated the life-cycle environmental footprint of nitrogen fertiliser production, with and without CO₂ capture, in four different regions: the United Kingdom; Norway; Saudi Arabia; and the United States. The goal was to demonstrate how deep decarbonisation of fertiliser production could be achieved in each of these regions and compare the differences between them. Fertiliser production is an important element in the global food production chain and is key to securing sustenance for the growing global population. This is expected to increase to 10 billion by 20501 and consequently fertiliser production, which currently accounts for about 1.5% of global greenhouse gas emissions2, will continue to be essential.

IEAGHG Risk Management Network – Webinar & Virtual Discussion: The Road to CCS Project Permitting

• 31 March 2022
• Event Proceedings
• Storage

On Tuesday 18th January 2022, the IEAGHG Risk Management Network held a webinar which aimed to be a roundtable presentation of CCS / CCUS (carbon capture and storage / carbon capture, utilisation and storage) project operator experience, with risk management, during the permitting process. This webinar heard from panellists on the Northern Lights project, the Porthos project, California experiences with permitting and Oxy's recent project experiences. The webinar attracted an audience of 138 in addition to 8 panellists and 2 IEAGHG staff.

CCP Results - Carbon Dioxide Capture for Storage in Deep Geologic Formations

• 1 June 2022
• Storage

Mineral Carbonation using Mine Tailings - A Strategic Overview of Potential and Opportunities

• 1 July 2022
• Utilisation

The aim of this review is to evaluate the techno-economic viability of AMC, and the comparative maturity of the technology, based on publicly available information. This report is primarily concerned with magnesium-silicate rich mine tailings and ex situ processing to induce carbonation suitably reactive rock. Magnesium silicate rocks can potentially offer significant volumes of material for CO₂ capture compared with calcium-based materials

Blue Hydrogen: Beyond the Plant Gate

• 1 August 2022
• Capture
• Costs of CCUS

The primary objective of this study is to review the comparative analysis of blue hydrogen production (that is hydrogen derived from fossil fuels and associated CCS) technologies from oil and oil-based feedstocks as well as the supply chain implication. Further, this study includes techno-economic and life cycle assessments of different technology production configurations in regions that have access to oil resources and potential for the deployment of CCS infrastructure at scale.

Low-Carbon Hydrogen from Natural Gas: Global Roadmap

• 1 August 2022
• Capture
• Costs of CCUS

The primary objective of this study is to conduct a techno-economic and environmental assessment of the production of natural gas-based hydrogen with accompanying carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology. Further, the purpose of this study is to enrich knowledge and compare the deployment of steam methane reforming (SMR), electrified SMR (E-SMR), autothermal reforming (ATR), and partial oxidation (POX) with CCS in the Netherlands. The findings of this study will be of interest to policy makers, industrial emitters, as well as technology developers.

Start-up and Shutdown Protocol for Natural Gas-fired Power Stations with CO₂ Capture

• 1 August 2022
• Capture

In modern power grids, a power plant with CO₂ capture will be required to operate as a low-carbon, flexible, dispatchable power generator. A recent IEAGHG study showed it is possible to achieve net-zero CO₂ emissions from coal-fired and gas-fired power generation by employing higher capture rates and, in the case of coal-fired generation, by employing a mix of capture rates and biomass.

Defining the Value of Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage for a Low-Carbon Future

• 1 August 2022
• Capture
• Utilisation

A key objective of the study was to explore the concept of ‘value’, when applied to a technology deployed in a low-carbon energy system. CCUS is an available mitigation option to support energy transitions and has been highlighted by global IAMs as a necessary technology to limit anthropogenic warming to well below 2°C. Despite this, there continues to be dissent among academics, business leaders and policymakers regarding the role CCUS can or should play in a low-carbon future. This opposition appears to stem not only from a narrow and incomplete focus on cost, and the perception that CCUS is a high-cost mitigation option under all circumstances, but also a failure to recognise the value of CCUS from other perspectives, such as human, social and environmental, to support the energy transition to net zero. As a result, a wider, deeper, and multi-disciplinary review of the ‘value’ of CCUS is explored. Recent literature spanning sector-specific techno-economic models, global and regional IAMs, and social studies to explore the diverse value of CCUS is reviewed. Results from Princeton University’s Net-Zero America study are summarised, where five alternate modelled pathways to net-zero emissions in the United States provided an exceptional level of sectoral, temporal and spatial granularity to highlight the value of CCUS in these pathways. Finally, a semi-quantitative, 2x2 decision framework was introduced to help policymakers screen the relative competitiveness of CCUS as a mitigation option across multiple domains. This framework was applied across a number of case studies, including the United States, the UK, Indonesia, Australia and Japan, to highlight under what circumstances CCUS might prove to be a valuable mitigation option to help these jurisdictions achieve time-bound mitigation goals.

Quantifying the Socio-Economic Value of CCS: A Review

• 3 August 2022
• Costs of CCUS
• Public Perception

As policymakers consider options at their disposal to achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement, understanding the socio-economic impacts on local communities and industrial regions is crucial. Integrated assessment models (IAMs) often lack the economic, social and geographic detail to fully reveal the role that CCS and CDR technologies, such as BECCS, can play in national economies – noting that deployment of both CCS and BECCS has long continued to lag expectations. Providing a multi-regional, technology agnostic and transparent quantification of the social value of these technologies may be essential to unlocking this impasse.

Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) Workshop, Bergen, Norway, 28th June 2022

• 5 August 2022
• Capture
• Event Proceedings

The aim of the workshop was to provide members and other stakeholders with an update on the status of CDR, identify crucial knowledge gaps and the mechanisms to resolve them, and find possible cooperation/collaboration opportunities.

Applying ISO Standards to Geologic Storage and EOR Projects

• 1 September 2022
• Policy & Regulation
• Storage

The work aims to summarise and synthesise the two ISO Standards relevant to the geological storage of CO₂: – ISO 27914:2017 (‘Carbon dioxide capture, transportation and geological storage - Geological storage’) and ISO 27916:2019 (‘Carbon dioxide capture, transportation and geological storage - Carbon dioxide storage using enhanced oil recovery (CO₂-EOR)’) – to provide a high-level understanding of the content into an easily digestible format. By comparison with international regulatory frameworks, and providing case studies of how applicable the standards are to real CO₂ storage projects, the study provides a comprehensive overview and concludes on the usefulness of the documents in supporting the implementation of CCUS projects. For the purposes of this overview, the standards will hereafter be referred to as ISO 27914 and ISO 27916

5th International Workshop on Offshore Geologic CO₂ Storage

• 17 October 2022
• Event Proceedings
• Storage

This 5th Workshop on Offshore Geologic CO₂ Storage covered multiple subjects, including: summary of multiple CCS projects worldwide, subsurface considerations for depleted hydrocarbon fields, containment/ pressure management, and saline formations to store CO₂, as well as considerations on regulating offshore CCS, monitoring offshore CCS projects, CO₂ shipping and infrastructure for CO₂. Importantly, this is the first hybrid in-person and virtual workshop, which represents a milestone to bring this knowledge sharing to multiple people interested on CCS worldwide