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The Clean Refinery and the Role of Electricity Generation

1 May 2020
Capture

The oil refinery sector faces significant challenges in response to the Paris Agreement’s 2050 projections for carbon emission reductions. Moreover, there is a global trend to process significant amounts of heavy, sour crude to produce high value products, such as ultra-low-sulphur diesel and gasoline, to achieve better refinery margins as well as meeting stringent environmental standards including green-house gas emission reductions. The option of CO₂ emission free electricity generation within refineries can help to meet these goals. The primary aim of this study was to explore the role of the ‘clean refinery’ concept and how it could contribute to the Paris Agreement’s long-term objective to curb peak global greenhouse gas emissions. Various options for refineries are available depending, not only on the complexity and degree of integration, but also on whether a refinery already exists or is still at the planning stage. In addition to these general considerations, the regional location, crude mix and local markets for refined products and electricity all influence the design, complexity and economic viability of ‘clean refineries’. p>

Technical Report

IEAGHG Monitoring & Environmental Research Combined Networks Meeting

1 March 2020
Event Proceedings
Storage

The 13th meeting of IEAGHG’s Monitoring Network was this year combined with the Environmental Research Network, to facilitate wider topic broaching and encourage broader discussions. This combined networks meeting was held from 20th – 22nd August 2019 at the University of Calgary, Canada. The two day meeting was preceded by a field trip to the Containment and Monitoring Institute (CaMI) field research station site visit. It was followed by a one day workshop on faults and their significance for CO? storage (report number 2020-03). The meeting was designed to cover the following themes: developments in sensing ; lessons from managing field projects; uncertainty in quantification; monitoring for EOR compared with deep saline formations; fall-back plans; new case studies with real data; environmental impacts of monitoring and stakeholder engagement; up-well leakage; and monitoring post-injection for closure.

Technical Report

IEAGHG Faults and their Significance for Large-Scale CO₂ Storage Workshop

1 March 2020
Event Proceedings
Storage

The success of CO? Capture and Storage (CCS) technology depends on the safe, secure and long-term storage of CO? at large-scale (mega tonnes per site). Upward migration and leakage of injected CO? along faults is a key risk. The aim of the workshop was to gain a greater understanding on how faults could influence long-term storage of CO?. The workshop built on oil and gas industry experiences, as well as the research community, to gain a clear perspective on fault properties that are important to CO? storage. The 1-day event provided an opportunity to review laboratory experiments, field studies, and modelling results, to gain insights on the importance of faults for CO? storage. Current practices to evaluate fault seal as well as critical technical gaps were discussed. The workshop gave an opportunity to review current research on CO? controlled release experiments and what could be learned from them, plus the contribution from simulations. The 1-day event documented critical issues for CO? storage related to faults, the experience of current experimental work, and identify remaining gaps in knowledge.

Technical Report

Monitoring and Modelling of CO₂ Storage: The Potential for Improving the Cost-Benefit Ratio of Reducing Risk

1 February 2020
Storage

The study was proposed with the intention of developing an understanding of where future research efforts in CO₂ storage technologies should be focused on in the next decade, informing the potential directions for future research in order to fully maximise the potential benefits of storage technologies to commercial-scale CCS projects.

Technical Report

CO₂ capture in LNG

1 October 2019
Capture
Costs of CCUS

Natural gas demand is forecasted to grow continuously for the next 10 years, playing a vital role in the global energy mix in 2030. in the specific case of liquefied natural gas, projections indicate a continued upward growth. The majority of near-term growth in liquefaction capacity is likely to happen in North America and Australia, although a number of other projects have the potential to add significant liquefaction capacity in the long term as well.

Technical Report

Further Assessment of Emerging CO₂ Capture Technologies for the Power Sector and their Potential to Reduce Costs

1 September 2019
Capture
Costs of CCUS

CSIRO was commissioned by IEAGHG to provide a comprehensive assessment of emerging CO2 capture technologies for the power sector and their potential to reduce costs. The objectives of this technical study were:  <ul> <li>to update the CO2 capture benchmark technology and its enhancement over the 30w.t.% MEA-based chemical absorption</li> <li>to review the CO2 capture technologies, their current status and trajectory</li> <li>to assess the potential of emerging CO2 capture systems to reduce costs (LCOE) and identify risks and barriers for those on the path to TRL 9</li> <li>to assess techno-economically a number of selected CO2 capture technologies for coal and gas-fired power plants.</li> </ul>

Technical Report

Proceedings: Workshop on Representing Carbon Capture Utilisation and Storage in Energy Systems Models

1 August 2019
Event Proceedings

The USDOE’s Office of Fossil Energy convened a workshop on 17-19 October 2018 in College Park, Maryland, USA, to provide a forum to review and exchange the latest understanding of carbon capture utilisation and storage (CCUS) and to improve the modelling approaches and representation of CCUS in energy systems models (ESMs) and Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs). This was the second workshop on this theme, following a previous workshop also hosted by US DOE-FE on 3-4 April 2017 in Washington DC, USA. This second workshop was designed to grow and expand the number of research groups with expertise in up-to-date modelling of advanced fossil technologies and related market impacts, including application of US National Energy Technology Labs (NETL) cost and performance baseline data and CCUS expertise, tax implications of 45Q, EOR market feedback and information on international markets. It also sought to create a community of practice and to link CCUS technical experts with modellers and analysts.

Technical Report

CCS in Energy and Climate Scenarios

1 July 2019
Industry Insights

The purpose of IAMs is to quantify the interactions and trade-offs between societal demands for energy, economic and environmental services, using a systems approach. These systems are typically the energy system, the economy, the earth-land system, the water system and atmospheric climate system, although every IAM does not necessarily include all these systems and have varying

Technical Report

6th CCS Cost Workshop

1 July 2019
Costs of CCUS
Event Proceedings

The sixth meeting of the CCS Cost Network Workshop was held on March 19-20, 2019 at the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) headquarters in Palo Alto, California, under the auspices of the IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme. The purpose of the workshop is to share and discuss the most current information on the cost of carbon capture and storage (CCS) in electric utility and industrial process applications, as well as the outlook for future CCS costs and deployment. The workshop also seeks to identify other key issues or topics related to CCS costs that merit further discussion and study.

Technical Report

The Shell Quest Carbon Capture and Storage Project

1 June 2019
Capture
Storage

In late August 2015, Shell Canada began sustained, commercial-scale operation of the first-ever CO₂ capture facility at an oil sands bitumen or heavy oil upgrader in the world, as well as transportation and storage of the carbon dioxide to a nearby geological storage site. This remarkable facility is situated near Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. This report explores the journey of the Shell Quest Carbon Capture and Storage Project team and its partners, and will provide valuable insights to other heavy oil upgraders and oil refineries globally that seek to reduce their lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions through deployment of CCS technologies and infrastructure.

Technical Report

Review of Fuel Cell Technologies with CO₂ Capture for the Power Sector

1 April 2019
Capture

DOOSAN U.K. was commissioned by IEAGHG to provide a comprehensive techno-economic review on MCFCs and SOFCs for the power sector. The objectives of this technical study were:   <ul><li>Deliver a literature review on MCFCs and SOFCs, identifying available configurations, status of development, applications and gaps to reach economically viable solutions </li><li>Supported by data from the literature, provide a techno-economic evaluation on selected cases and compare to a number of reference cases with and without a benchmark CO₂ capture system (chemical absorption with Cansolv technology) </li><li>Identify key parameters and areas impacting the price of implementing those technologies in the power sector as CO₂ abatement systems </li><li>Describe barriers and challenges to be addressed for SOFCs and MCFCs to achieve commercial application</li></ul>

Technical Report

Towards Zero Emissions CCS from Power Stations using Higher Capture Rates or Biomass

1 March 2019
Capture

To-date, capture technology developers have largely focused on designing plant for CO₂ capture rates of 85% to 90%, leaving 10-15% of the emissions uncaptured, which are usually referred to as residual emissions. In a “well below 2°C” scenario, it is projected that net zero carbon emissions would be required by early in the second half of this century. A review of the literature indicated that there were no technical barriers to increasing capture rates in the three classic CO₂ capture routes (post-, pre- and oxyfuel combustion) and with the broad suite of CO₂-capture technologies currently available or under development. A techno-economic analysis of a standard PCC process applied to both coal- and gas-fired power plants revealed that, with dedicated process design, the additional costs of achieving essentially zero CO₂ emissions were quite modest in comparison with the costs of achieving 90% CO₂ capture. For coal-fired power stations, the analysis found that using biomass co-combustion (10% biomass) combined with a standard PCC process (90% CO₂ capture) was the lowest cost option.

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