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Technology Collaboration Programme by IEA

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Discover the latest advances carbon capture and storage research

Technical Report

Safety in Carbon Dioxide Capture, Transport and Storage

  • 1 June 2009
  • Capture
  • Storage

Within the next few years it is expected that an increasing number of commercial-scale demonstrations of CO<sub>2</sub> capture and storage technology will be built and brought into operation. Many aspects of the design of such facilities including issues relating to engineering design, environmental impacts, standards and permitting have been the subject of studies undertaken for the IEA GHG. So far no study has been dedicated specifically to the issue of safety in the above ground elements of CCS systems although such safety issues have been addressed to some extent in earlier studies. This study was designed specifically to examine the safety issues which are likely to arise when preparing safety cases and planning emergency procedures for CO<sub>2 </sub>capture and storage (CCS) projects

Technical Review

Otway Basin Pilot Project - Annual Expert Review of Monitoring and Verification Programme

  • 1 June 2009
  • Industry Insights
  • Storage

IEA GHG has produced a revised set of criteria for assessment of plants, particularly power plants with CO₂ capture, making use of information from EPRI and others. The revised criteria should be used by IEA GHG for its future studies. Other organisations are encouraged to use the criteria to provide consistency of results. Preliminary criteria have been specified for alternative locations and these should be finalised with local organisations at the time when IEA GHG undertakes its first study for each alternative location. Other alternative locations could be considered in future, at the request of IEA GHG's members. As a follow on to this report IEA GHG will assess the feasibility of providing standard assessment criteria for CO₂ transport and storage and it will develop methodologies for comparing the relative merits of CCS and alternative low-CO₂ technologies.

Technical Report

4th Meeting of the Risk Assessment Network

  • 1 July 2009
  • Event Proceedings
  • Storage

The fourth IEA GHG Risk Assessment Network Meeting was held on the 16th—17th April 2009 in Melbourne, Australia, and hosted by CO₂CRC. Cliff Kavonic of Victorian Department of Primary Industries gave the official welcome. The Victorian Government was that day publishing a report by Geoscience Victoria on the storage potential in the Gippsland basin in south Victoria. The fifty six attendees enjoyed the discussions based around the six sessions. These were on reports from other initiatives, leakage impacts, combining monitoring with modelling and risk assessment, insurance and risk, risk communication, and updates from real projects.

Technical Report

Long Term Integrity of CO₂ Storage – Well Abandonment

  • 1 July 2009
  • Storage

This report focuses on potential hazards to geological storage of CO₂ related to previously abandoned deep oil and gas wells. As many prospective CO₂ storage projects will be situated in mature sedimentary basins, these operations need to accommodate previously drilled and abandoned wells. The current study aims to provide a high order evaluation of abandoned wells and their suitability to CO₂ storage operations. To this purpose an overview of the current state of knowledge on potential degradation mechanisms of typical well materials (i.e. cement and steel) is presented. Several case studies are described, illustrating some typical aspects associated with abandoned wells in the context of geological storage of CO₂. Furthermore, a geographical overview of numerous well abandonment regulations is provided, reflecting significant differences in regulatory demands around the world. Moreover, both abandonment regulations and practices historically gradually developed to the present high standards. As a consequence, especially older wells are considered to be a potential threat to long term storage integrity. Various risk assessment methodologies are described that are tailored to well integrity evaluation for geological CO₂ storage. Finally, an overview of potential corrective measures and monitoring strategies is presented.

Technical Review

The Landscape of Carbon Dioxide Capture, Storage and Management (CCSM) Education in the UK

  • 1 August 2009
  • Industry Insights
  • Public Perception

This report was commissioned by the IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme (IEA GHG) to assist the Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum (CSLF) task force in the assessment of international graduate degrees at MSc and PhD level on Carbon Dioxide Capture, Storage, and Carbon Management (hereinafter CCSM) from universities. The scope of this report is to identify academic perspectives and programs in the areas of CCSM currently available in the United Kingdom (UK). The information assembled in this report was sought from the internet, email contacts and visiting key universities. This report addresses the major findings and discusses the current landscape of CCSM education in the UKThis report has concentrated on courses provided in the UK. In addition, mention should be made that from a base in the UK the IEA GHG organises an annual International CCS Summer School. This is hosted at different locations worldwide each time; Germany, Canada and Australia in the first three years. This course offers an intensive week in all aspects of CCS, from capture to storage, and non-technical topics such as economics, policy, regulation, safety and public communication.   

Technical Report

Techno-Economic Evaluation of Biomass Fired or Co-Fired Power Plant with Post-Combustion CO₂ Capture

  • 1 October 2009
  • Capture
  • Costs of CCUS

The study aimed to investigate options and evaluate the techno-economic performance of a biomass fired, or coal co-fired with biomass, power plant based on current state of the art boiler and steam generation equipment incorporating CO₂ capture technology. It is expected that the study should provide the performance of the plant assuming the need to capture at least 90% of the total CO₂ emissions. Currently, the state of the art largest standalone biomass fired combustion power plant (i.e. between 100 to 250 MWe net) offered commercially is based on circulating fluidized bed (CFB) technology. In the mid-range (i.e. between 30 to 90MWe net), the commercially offered state of the art technology would be based on a bubbling bed fluidized bed (BFB) technology. For less than 50MWe net, a stoker fired (fixed bed) system is still considered competitive compared to any fluidized bed technology. For direct co firing of biomass and coal, the technical operating limit of co-firing biomass is about 10-20% of the total thermal input.

Technical Report

5th Meeting of the Monitoring Network

  • 1 November 2009
  • Event Proceedings
  • Storage

This was the 5th meeting of the IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme (IEA GHG) Monitoring Network. Since the inception of the Monitoring Network a significant amount of work has been done in this field. There are now a great number of very elaborate Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) demonstration projects occurring worldwide with each one developing and testing new monitoring techniques. While this is happening there is also a great drive from many Governments to put in place the regulations needed to properly licence and supervise CCS activities. This meeting hoped to review where we are with both aspects of CCS and identify what questions still need to be answered

Technical Report

Evaluation of Novel Post-Combustion CO₂ Capture Solvent Concepts

  • 1 November 2009
  • Capture

The purpose of this review was to outline the current state of knowledge and provide an assessment of the following aspects:<!-- wp:acf/columns {"name":"acf/columns","data":{"padding_top":"1","_padding_top":"field_columns_fields_padding_top","padding_bottom":"1","_padding_bottom":"field_columns_fields_padding_bottom","margin_top":"0","_margin_top":"field_columns_fields_margin_top","margin_bottom":"0","_margin_bottom":"field_columns_fields_margin_bottom"},"mode":"preview"} --> <!-- wp:acf/column-content {"name":"acf/column-content","mode":"preview"} --> <!-- wp:list --><ul><!-- wp:list-item --><!-- wp:list-item --><li>Process chemistry and kinetics, • Operational issues and major development issues,</li><!-- /wp:list-item --><!-- /wp:list-item --><!-- wp:list-item --><!-- wp:list-item --><li>Qualitative evaluation of the performance of absorber and stripper column,</li><!-- /wp:list-item --><!-- /wp:list-item --><!-- wp:list-item --><!-- wp:list-item --><li>Safety and Environmental Impact considerations.</li><!-- /wp:list-item --><!-- /wp:list-item --><!-- wp:list-item --><!-- wp:list-item --><li>Technology maturity and reported time scale for commercialisation.</li><!-- /wp:list-item --><!-- /wp:list-item --></ul><!-- /wp:list --> <!-- /wp:acf/column-content --> <!-- /wp:acf/columns -->Assessments were made to identify the potential benefits, challenges, and uncertainties regarding the three processes described. Also included in this report is a brief review of the current state of knowledge of Flour’s Econamine FG+ process which was used as a baseline case for performance comparison. All assessments made in this report were based on information made available in the open literature, supported by kinetic evaluations made at SINTEF’s laboratory.

Technical Review

What Have We Learned from CCS Demonstrations

  • 1 November 2009
  • Industry Insights
  • Storage

The IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme (IEA GHG) has undertaken an assessment of the learning that is being provided by operational, large-scale, pilot, demonstration and commercial CCS projects around the world. This was undertaken by questionnaire and analysis of the responses. From the analysis of the responses, key themes, learning points and areas for beneficial collaboration are identified. The extent of coverage of projects is summarised in terms of geological properties and monitoring techniques. From this initial analysis, a number of key learning areas have been identified that also warrant further investigation.  These include: <!-- wp:acf/columns {"name":"acf/columns","data":{"padding_top":"1","_padding_top":"field_columns_fields_padding_top","padding_bottom":"1","_padding_bottom":"field_columns_fields_padding_bottom","margin_top":"0","_margin_top":"field_columns_fields_margin_top","margin_bottom":"0","_margin_bottom":"field_columns_fields_margin_bottom"},"mode":"preview"} --> <!-- wp:acf/column-content {"name":"acf/column-content","mode":"preview"} --> <!-- wp:list --><ul> <!-- wp:list-item --><!-- wp:list-item --><li>Effectiveness of various monitoring techniques</li><!-- /wp:list-item --><!-- /wp:list-item --> <!-- wp:list-item --><!-- wp:list-item --><li>Injectivity – prediction, restoration and enhancement</li><!-- /wp:list-item --><!-- /wp:list-item --> <!-- wp:list-item --><!-- wp:list-item --><li>Design to avoid hydrate formation</li><!-- /wp:list-item --><!-- /wp:list-item --> <!-- wp:list-item --><!-- wp:list-item --><li>Performance of materials in CO<sub>2</sub> environments</li><!-- /wp:list-item --><!-- /wp:list-item --> <!-- wp:list-item --><!-- wp:list-item --><li>Scaling up capture train size</li><!-- /wp:list-item --><!-- /wp:list-item --> <!-- wp:list-item --><!-- wp:list-item --><li>Wells – designing, placing, and monitoring cementation</li><!-- /wp:list-item --><!-- /wp:list-item --> </ul><!-- /wp:list --> <!-- /wp:acf/column-content --> <!-- /wp:acf/columns -->

Technical Report

CCS Site Selection and Characterisation Criteria

  • 1 December 2009
  • Capture
  • Storage

The I EA G reenhouse G as R &D P rogramme ( IEA GHG ) ha s recently co mmissioned the Alberta Research Council in Canada to conduct a review of storage site selection criteria and site ch aracterisation methods in o rder to produce a s ynthesis r eport. Among the va rious elements of the CO₂ capture and storage (CCS) chain, t he stage of storage site selection and characterisation is o f cr itical importance be cause any storage s ite m ust de monstrate that it satisfies three fundamental requirements: 1. capacity to store the intended volume of CO₂ 2. injectivity, to accept/take CO over the lifetime of the operation, 2 3. containment, to en sure t hat C O at the rate that it is supplied from the emitter(s), 2 will n ot m igrate an d/or leak out of t he s torage unit (safety and security of storage). This report reviews the literature on the subject on site selection and characterisation since the publication of the IPCC Special Report on CCS, and provides a synthesis and classification o f criteria.

Technical Report

CO₂ Storage in Depleted Oil Fields

  • 1 December 2009
  • Storage

The study took as its starting point, IEA GHG Report on PH3/23 undertaken in 2000 as its base line data set.  The study was to assess the data within the report and determine whether there was newer data on issues, (e.g. CO<sub>2</sub> use/bbl oil produced in EOR floods) that could be used to revise global estimates. 

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